Outlook for salmon improves after low returns closed California fisheries.
The NOAA California Current Integrated Ecosystem Assessment’s annual report states that the California Current Ecosystem exited a strong El Niño in 2024, which had delayed spring upwelling but still supported a rich marine ecosystem. Stronger-than-normal upwelling improved forage conditions, benefiting species like anchovy, krill, hake, and juvenile rockfish. Improved freshwater flows should help juvenile salmon survival, while cooler waters are expected to enhance salmon returns in 2025.
Harmful algal blooms caused issues for marine mammals, including premature sea lion births and strandings. Warmer waters in previous years led to salmon population declines, fishery closures, and thiamine deficiencies in salmon due to anchovy consumption. However, the return of colder waters is expected to improve salmon survival.
Commercial fisheries saw mixed results, with Dungeness crab revenues rising while whiting landings declined. The report also assessed socioeconomic impacts on fishing communities. Scientists continue refining ecosystem forecasts to anticipate future changes affecting both the environment and economy.